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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

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Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate.  The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
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Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation01:28

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Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
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Redox Reactions01:27

Redox Reactions

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Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
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Ru and Se Co-Doped Cobalt Hydroxide Electrocatalyst for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reactions.

Weizhong Peng1, Yuting Yuan1, Chao Huang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel co-doped cobalt hydroxide electrocatalyst (Ru-Co(OH)2-Se) for efficient hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). The new material demonstrates enhanced performance and stability, crucial for green energy applications.

Keywords:
HERelectrodepositionelectrolytic waterelemental dopingmaterial compounding

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Efficient electrocatalysts are vital for green hydrogen production.
  • Cobalt hydroxide-based materials are promising but require performance enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel co-doped cobalt hydroxide electrocatalyst for improved hydrogen evolution reactions (HER).
  • To investigate the synergistic effects of ruthenium and selenium co-doping on catalyst performance and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Electrocatalyst synthesis via electrodeposition of ruthenium and selenium onto a cobalt hydroxide precursor.
  • Characterization of the co-doped catalyst (Ru-Co(OH)2-Se) using electrochemical techniques.
  • Evaluation of catalytic activity and stability for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Main Results:

  • The Ru-Co(OH)2-Se catalyst exhibited a lower overpotential (109 mV at 10 mA/cm²) for HER.
  • The material showed a reduced impedance and an increased electrochemically active surface area.
  • Excellent catalytic stability was observed, with no significant performance degradation after 50 hours of operation.

Conclusions:

  • Elemental co-doping with ruthenium and selenium is an effective strategy to enhance cobalt hydroxide electrocatalysts for HER.
  • The developed Ru-Co(OH)2-Se catalyst offers a promising pathway for efficient and stable hydrogen production.
  • This synergistic doping approach contributes to the advancement of clean energy technologies.