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An alternative Rayleigh wave excitation method using an ultrasonic phased array.

Bhupesh Verma1, Pierre Bélanger1

  • 1PULETS, Département de Génie Mécanique, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Notre-Dame St. West, Montreal, Quebec H3C 1K3, Canada.

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Summary

A new method uses phased array transducers to generate ultrasonic Rayleigh waves, overcoming limitations of traditional wedge techniques for non-destructive testing (NDT). This approach offers greater flexibility and efficiency in material inspection.

Keywords:
Excitation methodLinear time delayUltrasonic phased arraysUnidirectional Rayleigh wavesWedge-free

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)

Background:

  • Ultrasonic Rayleigh waves are crucial for in-service NDT inspection across industries.
  • The conventional wedge technique for Rayleigh wave excitation faces challenges like transmission loss and limited waveguide flexibility.
  • Surface crack detection and sizing using Rayleigh waves is an area of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce an alternative method for Rayleigh wave excitation using conventional ultrasonic phased array transducers.
  • To address the limitations of the wedge technique, including transmission losses and angle dependency.
  • To demonstrate a flexible and efficient approach for generating Rayleigh waves in various materials.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a conventional ultrasonic phased array transducer with controlled element excitation delays.
  • Estimated excitation delays based on transducer pitch and Rayleigh wave velocity.
  • Validated the method through experimental testing and Finite Element (FE) simulations.
  • Quantified directivity and beam divergence of generated Rayleigh waves.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated unidirectional and selective excitation of Rayleigh waves.
  • Experimental results showed strong agreement with FE simulations.
  • The proposed method proved effective across a range of materials using the same phased array transducer.
  • Characterized generated waves to confirm their nature as Rayleigh waves.

Conclusions:

  • The phased array transducer method offers a viable alternative to the wedge technique for Rayleigh wave excitation.
  • This novel approach enhances flexibility and potentially reduces inspection costs in NDT.
  • The method holds significant potential for developing advanced Rayleigh wave-based inspection techniques.