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Modeling development using microfluidics: bridging gaps to foster fundamental and translational research
Shiyu Sun1, Xufeng Xue1, Jianping Fu2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|August 13, 2023
Summary
Microfluidics enables advanced in vitro stem cell models, including embryoids and organoids, for studying development. This technology offers precise control over the cellular environment, improving research reproducibility and throughput.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Stem Cell Biology
- Bioengineering
Background:
- In vitro stem cell-derived embryoids and organoids are crucial for studying mammalian development and organogenesis.
- Conventional 3D culture methods lack precise control over spatiotemporal extracellular signals.
- Microfluidics offers quantitative control over dynamic chemical and physical environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in constructing microfluidics-based embryoids and organoids.
- To highlight the application of microfluidics in creating next-generation developmental models.
- To underscore the potential for fundamental and translational research.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing microfluidic devices for precise control of cellular microenvironments.
- Implementing microfluidics for establishing controlled morphogen gradients.
- Employing microfluidics to optimize medium transport and mechanical force application.
Main Results:
- Microfluidics facilitates the creation of controllable and reproducible embryoid and organoid models.
- Demonstrated successful applications in controlling morphogen gradients and medium transport.
- Enabled enhanced tissue co-culture studies and improved assay throughput.
Conclusions:
- Microfluidics is a powerful technology for developing next-generation in vitro stem cell models.
- These advanced models offer significant potential for both fundamental biological research and translational applications.
- Microfluidics enhances the precision and efficiency of studying developmental and organ formation processes.
