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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

982
Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...
982
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
9
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

8
IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Quantitative Visualization of Leukocyte Infiltrate in a Murine Model of Fulminant Myocarditis by Light Sheet Microscopy
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Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis: A Case Report.

Mona J Malik1, Muhammad Nabeel Pasha2, Victor Salib3

  • 1Internal Medicine, Univeristy of California, Riverside, Riverside, USA.

Cureus
|August 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis, a small vessel vasculitis, often presents as palpable purpura. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms of this skin condition, which can be triggered by various factors.

Keywords:
avascular necrosisdermal hypersensitivityfibrinoidiga-mediated immune complexleukocytocsis vasculitisneutrophilsraynaud's phenomenonskin necrosissystemic

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV), or hypersensitivity angiitis, affects small dermal vessels.
  • It commonly manifests as palpable purpura.
  • Causes include medications, autoimmune diseases, infections, and malignancy.

Observation:

  • A 60-year-old female presented with bilateral tender ulcerations (dry and wet).
  • Previous treatment involved paclizumab.
  • The patient's presentation suggests a potential cutaneous manifestation of LCV.

Findings:

  • LCV involves inflammation of dermal capillaries and venules.
  • Clinical presentation is primarily palpable purpura.
  • The condition can be localized to the skin or indicate systemic disease.

Implications:

  • Understanding LCV triggers is crucial for diagnosis and management.
  • Symptom management is the cornerstone of LCV treatment.
  • Early recognition can prevent progression to systemic vasculitis.