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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Conflicting evidence exists regarding the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and metabolic syndrome (MetS).
  • The role of a comprehensive Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) in relation to MetS requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between the Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Iranian adults.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for healthy beverage consumption patterns to mitigate MetS risk.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study utilizing baseline data from the FASA cohort, including 8838 adult participants.
  • Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria.
  • The Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) was assessed using a 125-item food frequency questionnaire; associations were analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression.

Main Results:

  • Higher adherence to the HBI (last quartile) was significantly associated with lower odds of MetS (OR=0.72, p<0.001) compared to the lowest quartile.
  • A significant association was found between the highest HBI quartile and reduced odds of high waist circumference (OR=0.55, p<0.002).
  • The study indicated that increased HBI scores correlated with decreased odds of MetS and high waist circumference.

Conclusions:

  • A higher Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) score is independently associated with a reduced prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and high waist circumference.
  • Promoting healthy beverage consumption patterns, including water, low-fat milk, unsweetened tea, and coffee, while reducing SSBs, may be a viable strategy for MetS prevention.
  • Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore the causal mechanisms linking beverage intake patterns to MetS.