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Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels
Published on: May 26, 2023
Outcomes and survival of patients undergoing percutaneous vegetectomy for right heart endocarditis
Maria Riasat1, Balaram Krishna J Hanumanthu2, Arshan Khan3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Manhattan, NY, United States.
Insights
The AngioVac system effectively removes vegetations in critically ill patients unsuitable for surgery, achieving a 93% survival rate. However, tricuspid regurgitation improvement was limited, necessitating further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
- Medical Devices
Background:
- AngioVac system facilitates percutaneous removal and debulking of vegetations.
- It is indicated for patients who are not surgical candidates.
- Right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE) is a primary concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify demographics, echocardiographic features, indications, and survival outcomes of AngioVac vegetectomy.
- To evaluate tricuspid regurgitation (TR) improvement post-procedure.
- To assess the efficacy of AngioVac for RSIE.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies reporting AngioVac use for RSIE.
- Primary outcome: survival on discharge.
- Secondary outcomes: indications for AngioVac and TR improvement.
Main Results:
- Intravenous drug abuse and cardiovascular implantable electronic devices were common risk factors (45% each).
- Poor surgical candidacy (81%) was the main indication for AngioVac.
- Survival at discharge was 93%, but TR improvement was only 16%.
Conclusions:
- AngioVac is a viable alternative for critically ill patients unable to undergo surgery.
- Further randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm survival and safety.
- Tricuspid regurgitation changes require additional investigation.
Backgrounds:
AngioVac is used for the percutaneous removal of vegetations and for debulking of large vegetations in patients who are not surgical candidates.This study aims to identify the demographics, echocardiographic features, indications, improvement of the tricuspid valve regurgitation, and survival outcomes of patients who have undergone AngioVac vegetectomy reported in the literature.
Methods:
A systematic review was performed to identify articles reporting suction thromectomy or vegetation removal using the AngioVac system for RSIE (right sided infective endocarditis). Survival on discharge was our primary outcome. Additionally, we evaluated indications for suction thrombectomy and TR improvement. Categorical variables were expressed as percentages and ratios.
Results:
A total of 49 studies were identified. The most common risk factor was intravenous drug abuse seen in 45% (20/49) and cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) in 45% (20/49). Circulatory shock was seen in 35% of patients. The causative organism was gram positive cocci (86%). Moderate to severe TR was present in 74% of cases with documented echocardiograms. Indications for AngioVac were poor surgical candidacy (81%) or to reduce septic emboli risk (19%). Survival at discharge was 93%. TR improvement was reported only in 16% cases and remained unchanged/worsened in 84%.
Conclusion:
AngioVac procedure is an alternative treatment for critically ill patients who cannot undergo surgery. To understand the survival, safety and candidacy of patients undergoing this procedure, further randomized control studies and literature reviews are needed. The improvement or worsening of tricuspid regurgitation in patients with TR valve involvement is another factor to be investigated.
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