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Related Concept Videos

Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
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Visual System01:26

Visual System

617
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
617
Stress on an Oblique Plane01:16

Stress on an Oblique Plane

625
Understanding stress on an oblique plane under axial loading is pivotal in material mechanics. This analysis offers insight into a material's durability and strength, which is crucial for civil engineering and structural design. Axial loading refers to force application along the material's central axis, causing compression or elongation and leading to normal stress. Normal stress occurs when a force acts perpendicularly to the material's area, resulting in compressive or tensile...
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Stress01:20

Stress

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When a force is applied on a body, it undergoes deformation. In order to restore the body to its original shape and/or size, an opposite or restoring force is generated within the body. This restoring force is equal to the magnitude of the applied force, but acts in the opposite direction. The amount of this restoring force developed per unit area of the body is called stress. Stress is a tensor quantity and has the SI unit pascal. Stress can be separated into four broad categories depending...
7.4K
Components of Stress01:23

Components of Stress

242
Stress analysis under multiple loading conditions is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive grasp of normal and shearing stresses. Consider a small cube at point O, subjected to stress on all six faces, visible or not. Normal stress components σx, σy, σz act perpendicularly to the x, y, and z axes. Shearing stress components τxy and τxz are exerted on faces perpendicular to these axes.
Interestingly, the hidden cube faces also experience these stresses, equal and...
242
Psychological Responses to Stress01:20

Psychological Responses to Stress

76
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
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Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

460

Acute stress impairs visual path integration.

Osman Akan1, Anne Bierbrauer2, Nikolai Axmacher3

  • 1Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany.

Neurobiology of Stress
|August 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute stress impairs spatial navigation, particularly path integration, in challenging virtual environments. This navigation deficit is linked to difficulties in estimating distance and rotation, suggesting stress impacts medial temporal lobe functions.

Keywords:
Acute stressEntorhinal cortexGrid cellsNavigationPath integrationWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Stress Research

Background:

  • Acute stress significantly impacts episodic memory via glucocorticoids.
  • The effects of acute stress on human spatial navigation, especially path integration, remain largely unknown.
  • Path integration relies on the medial entorhinal cortex, a region sensitive to stress hormones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of acute stress on human path integration performance.
  • To determine how stress affects navigation in varying task difficulties and cue availability.
  • To explore the relationship between stress-induced navigational deficits and specific spatial estimation abilities.

Main Methods:

  • A virtual homing task was used to assess path integration.
  • Participants were divided into a stress group (socially evaluated cold-pressor test) and a control group.
  • Linear mixed models analyzed stress effects on performance across different task difficulties and cue conditions.
  • Stress induction was validated using physiological (salivary cortisol) and subjective measures.

Main Results:

  • Acute stress significantly impaired path integration performance, especially in high-difficulty trials.
  • Performance declined more sharply under stress when spatial cues were removed.
  • Stress-induced deficits were primarily associated with impaired distance estimation and secondarily with compromised rotation estimation.

Conclusions:

  • Acute stress negatively affects path integration, a key spatial navigation strategy.
  • These findings support the hypothesis that stress impairs the entorhinal grid cell system.
  • The study suggests acute stress can impair cognitive functions mediated by medial temporal lobe structures beyond the hippocampus.