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Hypertension and associated factors among patients attending HIV clinic at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital

Edmund T Nartey1, Raymond A Tetteh2, Francis Anto3

  • 1Centre for Tropical Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, PO Box GP 4236, Accra, Ghana.

Ghana Medical Journal
|August 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension is highly prevalent (36.7%) in HIV patients at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, linked to age, family history, lifestyle, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) duration. Purposeful blood pressure screening is recommended for this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hypertension is a significant comorbidity in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) may influence cardiovascular health in HIV-positive individuals.
  • Understanding hypertension prevalence and risk factors in HIV clinics is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hypertension among patients attending the HIV clinic at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH).
  • To identify socio-demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, metabolic, and HIV/ART-related factors associated with hypertension in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at KBTH.
  • 311 People Living with HIV were recruited using simple random sampling.
  • Data on risk factors were collected using a modified WHO STEPwise questionnaire and analyzed with logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of hypertension was 36.7% among the study participants.
  • Associated factors included increasing age, positive family history, minimal exercise, BMI ≥25.0 kg/m², total cholesterol ≥5.17 mmol/L, and exposure to ART.
  • Increasing duration of ART exposure was also significantly associated with hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • A high prevalence of hypertension exists in HIV patients at KBTH, notably associated with ART exposure and its duration.
  • Routine blood pressure monitoring should be replaced with purposeful hypertension screening for these patients.
  • Patients with identified risk factors should be advised on regular home blood pressure monitoring.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anti-retroviral therapyHIVHypertensionKorle-Bu Teaching HospitalPersons Living with HIV

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