Manipulative-based Activity Using Pop Beads for Demonstration of Sanger Sequencing.

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Genetics Education

Background:

• Sanger sequencing (dideoxy sequencing) is a fundamental DNA sequencing technique.
• It relies on chain-termination reactions, gel electrophoresis, and fluorescence detection.
• Current educational methods lack practical Sanger sequencing activities for skill development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a manipulative-based activity to teach Sanger sequencing.
• To provide a kinesthetic and visual learning tool for students.
• To illustrate chain termination, product separation, and fluorescence detection in DNA sequencing.

Main Methods:

• Developed a Sanger sequencing activity using colorful pop beads.
• Pop beads represent deoxynucleotides and dideoxynucleotides.
• Activity simulates DNA fragment generation via chain termination.

Main Results:

• The pop bead activity visually demonstrates DNA fragment generation.
• It effectively models chain termination and product separation.
• The kinesthetic approach enhances student comprehension of Sanger sequencing principles.

Conclusions:

• The manipulative-based activity provides a high-impact visual learning experience.
• It successfully replicates key steps of the Sanger sequencing process.
• This method can also be adapted to teach polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques.