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Holocentric repeat landscapes: From micro-evolutionary patterns to macro-evolutionary associations with karyotype

Camille Cornet1, Pablo Mora2,3, Hannah Augustijnen4

  • 1Biodiversity Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.

Molecular Ecology
|August 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Repetitive elements drive chromosomal changes and speciation in organisms with holocentric chromosomes. These genetic elements are linked to population differences and karyotype evolution in Erebia butterflies and Carex sedges.

Keywords:
CarexErebiaLepidopteraspeciationtransposable elements

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cytogenetics

Background:

  • Repetitive elements can induce chromosomal rearrangements, potentially influencing reproductive isolation and speciation.
  • Holocentric chromosomes may facilitate the retention of chromosomal rearrangements, impacting karyotype evolution.
  • The interplay between repetitive elements, chromosomal rearrangements, and speciation in holocentric organisms remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of repetitive elements in driving chromosomal rearrangements and speciation in holocentric organisms.
  • To characterize the repeat landscape differentiation within and between species of Erebia butterflies and Carex sedges.
  • To explore the association between repetitive elements and karyotype changes across different evolutionary scales.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a reference-free approach using low-coverage, short-read sequencing data.
  • Analyzed the repeat landscape of Erebia butterflies and Carex sedges.
  • Examined micro- and macro-evolutionary patterns of repeat landscape differentiation and its association with karyotype changes within a phylogenetic framework.

Main Results:

  • Found population differentiation in repeat landscapes that correlates with overall genetic differentiation in Erebia species.
  • Observed indications of an association between repetitive elements and karyotype changes in both Erebia and Carex phylogenies.
  • Demonstrated that repetitive elements are linked to population differentiation and chromosomal rearrangements in holocentric clades.

Conclusions:

  • Repetitive elements are significantly associated with population differentiation and chromosomal rearrangements in holocentric clades.
  • These findings suggest a crucial role for repetitive elements in adaptation and species diversification.
  • Highlights the importance of studying repetitive elements in understanding evolutionary processes in holocentric organisms.