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Van der Waals Interactions

Van der Waals Interactions

Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.Polar molecules have a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end of the molecule,...

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...

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Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
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Chemical Bonds

Chemical Bonds

Atoms participate in a chemical bond formation to acquire a completed valence-shell electron configuration similar to that of the noble gas nearest to it in atomic number. Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds are some of the important types of chemical bonds. Bond energy and bond length determine the strength of a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Colloidal Synthesis of Nanopatch Antennas for Applications in Plasmonics and Nanophotonics

Colloidal Synthesis of Nanopatch Antennas for Applications in Plasmonics and Nanophotonics

Published on: May 28, 2016

2D Plasmonic Molecules via Hydrogen Bond Interaction between Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles.

Yingying Cai¹, Philipp Vana¹

¹Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|August 14, 2023

Summary

Researchers developed a novel self-assembly method using hydrogen bonds to create 2D plasmonic molecules (PMs). Solvent effects are crucial for controlling PM coordination and symmetry in nanostructure fabrication.

Keywords:

Hydrogen Bond Nanoparticles Plasmonic Molecules Polymer Self-Assembly

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Published on: June 14, 2024

Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Materials Science
Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

Macromolecular design is an emerging strategy for nanoscale fabrication.
Non-covalent bonding is key to creating advanced nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a self-assembly method for creating 2D plasmonic molecules (PMs).
To investigate the role of hydrogen bonding in PM formation.
To control the coordination number and symmetry of PMs.

Main Methods:

Utilized polymer-capped gold nanoparticles as hydrogen-bond donors and acceptors.
Employed a self-assembly process driven by hydrogen-bond interactions.
Investigated the influence of solvent effects on the self-assembly process.

Main Results:

Successfully fabricated 2D plasmonic molecules (PMs) for the first time using this method.
Identified competition between polymer interaction and solvation as critical for controlling coordination number.
Demonstrated that solvent effects are essential for designing precise and highly symmetric PMs.

Conclusions:

The developed self-assembly method offers precise control over PM fabrication.
Solvent engineering is a powerful tool for tuning nanostructure properties.
This work advances the field of nanoscale self-assembly for advanced materials.