Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction PPI Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
09:38

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction PPI Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: November 14, 2017

15.0K

Manganese level and cognitive decline in older adults with the APOE e4 allele: a preliminary study

Shin Gyeom Kim1, Young Min Choe2, Guk-Hee Suh2

  • 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea.

Psychiatry Research
|August 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Serum manganese levels impact cognition, especially in individuals with the apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) gene. Higher manganese was linked to lower memory and cognitive scores in APOE4 carriers, suggesting a gene-environment interaction in Alzheimer's disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Manganese is an essential trace element crucial for various biological functions.
  • Cognitive decline is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease.
  • The apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) allele is a significant genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum manganese levels and cognitive function in non-demented individuals.
  • To determine if the apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) genotype moderates the relationship between serum manganese and cognition.
  • To explore the implications of manganese-APOE4 interactions for Alzheimer's disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 164 non-demented participants.
  • Assessment of serum manganese levels.
  • Comprehensive cognitive evaluation including episodic memory, executive function, attention, language, visuospatial skills, and a total cognitive score.

Main Results:

  • A significant interaction effect was observed between serum manganese level and APOE4 status on episodic memory score (EMS) and total score (TS).
  • Serum manganese levels were inversely associated with EMS and TS in participants who were APOE4-positive.
  • No significant association between serum manganese and cognitive scores was found in APOE4-negative participants.

Conclusions:

  • The APOE4 genotype plays a crucial moderating role in the relationship between serum manganese and cognitive function.
  • Manganese imbalance may represent a risk factor for cognitive impairment, particularly in APOE4 carriers.
  • Future Alzheimer's disease research should consider the interplay between manganese levels and APOE4 status.
Keywords:
APOE4CognitionManganese

More Related Videos

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

32.4K
Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains12:28

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

Published on: June 3, 2020

17.4K

Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
521
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
 Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
628
Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists01:30

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists

Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
155
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
139
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
157
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
215