Advanced glycation and glycoxidation end products in bone
Bowen Wang1, Deepak Vashishth2
1Shirley Ann Jackson Ph.D. Center of Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Bone
|August 14, 2023
Summary
Advanced glycation and oxidation end products (AGEs/AGOEs) accumulate in bone, worsening fragility in diabetes and aging. Targeting these products may help predict and manage bone fractures.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Orthopedics
- Gerontology
Background:
- Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress accelerate the accumulation of advanced glycation and glycoxidation end products (AGEs/AGOEs) in bone.
- AGEs/AGOEs are implicated as a key factor in skeletal fragility associated with diabetes, aging, and osteoporosis, beyond bone mass and falls.
- These end products negatively impact bone quality by altering organic matrix, mineral, and water content, disrupting bone turnover.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms of AGEs/AGOEs accumulation in bone.
- To elucidate the impact of AGEs/AGOEs on bone quality and fracture risk.
- To discuss current preclinical and clinical strategies targeting AGEs/AGOEs for fracture management.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on AGEs/AGOEs in bone.
- Analysis of the biochemical and biomechanical effects of AGEs/AGOEs on bone tissue.
- Examination of therapeutic strategies aimed at AGEs/AGOEs.
Main Results:
- AGEs/AGOEs accumulate in bone due to hyperglycemia and oxidative stress.
- Bone quality is deteriorated by AGEs/AGOEs, leading to increased fracture risk.
- AGEs/AGOEs are linked to bone fragility in conditions beyond diabetes and aging, including Alzheimer's disease, circadian disruption, and cancer.
Conclusions:
- AGEs/AGOEs are a critical determinant of bone fragility, particularly in aging and diabetic individuals.
- Targeting AGEs/AGOEs offers potential for novel therapeutic and diagnostic approaches for bone fractures.
- Further research is warranted to fully understand and exploit AGEs/AGOEs pathways in bone health.
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