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Racial Disparities Following Reconstructive Flap Procedures.

Emily S Chwa1, Sarah A Applebaum, Rushmin Khazanchi

  • 1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Division of Plastic Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL.

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Summary

Black patients experienced higher rates of postoperative complications, including flap failure and sepsis, after reconstructive surgery. Further research is needed to address these racial disparities in plastic surgery outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Health Disparities Research
  • Surgical Outcomes

Background:

  • Existing research highlights disparities in healthcare access and environmental conditions between Black and White populations.
  • Limited studies have investigated racial disparities in postoperative complications, especially following reconstructive flap surgeries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial disparities in postoperative complications following reconstructive flap surgery.
  • To compare complication rates between Black and White patients undergoing these procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database for cases of flap reconstruction.
  • Analyzed data from 2005-2019, grouped into three time periods.
  • Employed logistic regression to compare complication rates between racial groups, controlling for comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • Included 56,116 patients (11.2% Black); Black patients were younger with higher rates of hypertension, smoking, and diabetes.
  • Black patients showed significantly higher rates of sepsis across all periods.
  • From 2005-2009, Black patients had higher rates of flap failure, return to the operating room, and overall complications.

Conclusions:

  • Black patients faced higher surgical complication rates after flap reconstruction.
  • Additional research is crucial to understand and mitigate the drivers of racial disparities in plastic surgery outcomes for Black patients.