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Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
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Polygenic Traits01:18

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When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...
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Polygenic contributions to performance on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task.

E L Nurmi1, C P Laughlin2, H de Wit3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA. enurmi@g.ucla.edu.

Molecular Psychiatry
|August 15, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explored the genetic basis of risky decision-making using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). Findings reveal a polygenic architecture for risk-taking behavior and its association with cannabis use.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Psychiatric Genetics

Background:

  • Risky decision-making is a heritable trait observed across psychiatric disorders.
  • The genetic underpinnings of risky decision-making remain largely unexplored.
  • The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) is a validated measure of risky decision-making behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic architecture of risky decision-making as measured by the BART.
  • To identify genetic variants associated with BART performance.
  • To explore the genetic overlap between risky decision-making and psychiatric phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Two independent samples of European ancestry performed the BART.
  • Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were constructed and tested for replication.
  • A genome-wide MEGA-analysis combined samples to test genetic correlations with self-report measures and psychiatric diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • PRS for BART performance predicted task performance in replication samples (r=0.13, p=1.2e-5).
  • A genome-wide significant SNP (rs12023073) near IGSF21 was identified, requiring replication.
  • PRS for cannabis use, but not self-reported risk-taking or psychiatric disorder status, predicted BART behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Risky decision-making, as assessed by the BART, exhibits a polygenic architecture.
  • Genetic factors influencing BART performance show overlap with those influencing cannabis use.
  • Further research is needed to validate the identified genetic associations and explore their functional implications.