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This study explores quantum heat statistics in a relaxation process. The exchange fluctuation theorem for quantum heat breaks down in strongly non-Markovian regimes, challenging standard thermodynamic treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum thermodynamics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Quantum Brownian motion is crucial for understanding open quantum systems.
  • The Caldeira-Leggett model provides a framework for studying quantum dissipation.
  • Traditional analyses often rely on Born-Markovian and weak-coupling approximations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate quantum heat statistics during system relaxation.
  • To analyze heat distribution beyond standard approximations.
  • To examine the validity of thermodynamic theorems in non-Markovian regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing normal mode transformation.
  • Employing a phase-space formulation approach.
  • Developing an exactly dynamical framework.

Main Results:

  • Quantum heat distribution was analyzed beyond Born-Markovian and weak-coupling approximations.
  • The exchange fluctuation theorem for quantum heat was found to break down.
  • This breakdown occurs in the strongly non-Markovian regime.

Conclusions:

  • The standard Markovian treatment is insufficient for strongly non-Markovian open quantum systems.
  • Results advance the understanding of nonequilibrium thermodynamics in quantum systems.
  • The findings highlight limitations of current thermodynamic theorems under non-Markovian conditions.