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Stable cooperation emerges in stochastic multiplicative growth.
Lorenzo Fant1,2, Onofrio Mazzarisi3, Emanuele Panizon4
1International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy.
Physical Review. E
|August 16, 2023
Summary
Cooperation can emerge and remain stable even with environmental fluctuations. Sharing resources as a public good benefits individuals by mitigating risks from unpredictable changes, especially over long periods.
Area of Science:
- Evolutionary biology
- Game theory
- Behavioral economics
Background:
- Cooperation is crucial across many disciplines, but its stability against exploitation remains a challenge.
- Few mechanisms ensure cooperation's robustness to cheating and environmental variability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce a novel mechanism for cooperation's emergence and stability.
- To investigate cooperation under stochastic wealth fluctuations and long-time horizons.
Main Methods:
- Agent-based modeling with stochastic multiplicative wealth changes.
- Analysis of resource sharing as a public good.
- Examination of individual-level benefits under fluctuating environments.
Main Results:
- Cooperation emerges and is evolutionarily stable despite environmental fluctuations.
- Sharing resources as a public good provides individual advantages.
- Long-time horizons amplify the benefits of cooperation in screening against environmental risks.
Conclusions:
- Environmental fluctuations do not preclude cooperation; they can even promote it.
- Cooperation offers an adaptive strategy for individuals facing stochasticity.
- This mechanism provides a new perspective on the stability of cooperation in diverse systems.
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