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Association of Proliferative Indices With Various Grades of Breast Carcinoma
Seema Awasthi1, Pooja Gupta1, Ankita Mittal1
1Department of Pathology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College, Moradabad, IND.
Aims And Objectives:
Various grades of breast carcinoma and proliferative indices used as nuclear protein Ki-67 and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) are being compared to each other.
Materials And Method:
In this observational cross-sectional investigation, 42 breast biopsies from questionable breast areas were collected and preserved in formalin and paraffin before the tissue blocks were made. A thorough medical history regarding the breast tumor and thorough physical examination results were recorded. Two sections were produced, one stained with an immunohistochemical marker called Ki-67 and the other with a unique stain called AgNOR.
Results:
Grade I in Nottingham was found to be highest in subjects with Ki-67 1%, grade II in subjects with Ki-67 1-10%, and grade III in subjects with Ki-67>10%. Therefore, a higher Ki-67 score and a higher Nottingham grade were more closely associated. The mean AgNOR score was determined to be highest in Nottingham grade III and lowest in Nottingham grade I. In contrast to grade I and grade II of carcinoma (CA) breast, where there was no statistically significant association between Ki-67 and AgNOR, grade III of CA breast showed a statistically significant link between Ki-67 and AgNOR.
Conclusion:
Proliferation has been identified as a distinctive feature of cancer and as a key factor in the prognosis of the disease.
