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'Acute' autoimmune hepatitis.

R M Crapper, P S Bhathal, I R Mackay

    Digestion
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This case study identifies acute onset autoimmune chronic active hepatitis in a young woman. Early diagnosis and treatment with prednisolone led to remission, highlighting the importance of considering autoimmune causes for acute hepatitis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Immunology
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (ACAH) is an inflammatory liver disease.
    • ACAH typically presents with insidious onset, making acute presentations rare.
    • Differentiating autoimmune hepatitis from viral hepatitis is crucial for appropriate management.

    Observation:

    • A young woman presented with acute hepatitis symptoms mimicking viral infection.
    • Initial investigations excluded common viral and other causes of hepatitis.
    • Clinical and laboratory findings, including prolonged fever, lymphadenopathy, hemolytic anemia, elevated immunoglobulin G, and positive antinuclear antibody, suggested an autoimmune etiology.

    Findings:

    • Liver biopsies confirmed acute hepatitis initially, evolving to classic features of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis over time.

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  • The patient experienced relapses and remissions characteristic of ACAH.
  • Treatment with prednisolone resulted in a positive clinical response.

    • Implications:

    • This case demonstrates that autoimmune chronic active hepatitis can present acutely, mimicking viral hepatitis.
    • Early recognition and diagnosis of ACAH are essential for timely and effective treatment.
    • Prompt immunosuppressive therapy can lead to favorable outcomes in patients with acute-onset ACAH.