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Clovis point allometry, modularity, and integration: Exploring shape variation due to tool use with landmark-based

David K Thulman1, Michael J Shott2, Alan M Slade3

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Landmark-based geometric morphometrics reveals stone tools are complex. Clovis points exhibit allometry, modularity, and integration, challenging previous assumptions about their design and use.

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Area of Science:

  • Archaeology
  • Paleontology
  • Anthropology

Background:

  • Landmark-based geometric morphometrics (LGM) is commonly used for artifact classification.
  • Its potential for deeper analysis of artifact form and function remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the utility of LGM beyond simple classification.
  • To explore allometry, modularity, and integration in western North American Clovis points.

Main Methods:

  • Applied LGM to a sample of 100 Clovis points.
  • Defined tool components (blades, hafts) technologically for analysis.
  • Investigated size-shape relationships (allometry) and component interdependence (modularity, integration).

Main Results:

  • Clovis points exhibit significant allometry when components are technologically defined.
  • Hafts and blades demonstrate modularity and high integration.
  • Analyses revealed differences between cache and non-cache points and functional constraints.

Conclusions:

  • Clovis points are complex tools with integrated components.
  • Accurate, technologically-informed measurements are crucial for valid inferences.
  • LGM offers a powerful, transferable analytical framework for lithic studies.