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Related Concept Videos

Action Potential01:31

Action Potential

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Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they...
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Neuronal Communication01:28

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Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...
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Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

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Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
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Related Experiment Video

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Targeted Chemical Processing Initiating Biosome Action-Potential-Matched Artificial Synapses for the Brain-Machine

Lei Li1, Shidong Wang1, Xinqing Duan1

  • 1School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People's Republic of China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed artificial synapses using supercritical fluid processing and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) to mimic biological synapses. This breakthrough achieves low operating voltage and power consumption for advanced bionic devices and brain-machine interfaces.

Keywords:
action potentialartificial synapsechemical processingsupercritical fluidsthin-film transistors

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • A significant gap exists between artificial and biological synapses regarding operating voltage and stimulation duration.
  • Current artificial synapse technology struggles to seamlessly integrate with biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an artificial synaptic device with operating characteristics analogous to biological action potentials.
  • To bridge the gap between artificial and biological synapses for improved biosystem integration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized supercritical fluid processing for targeted chemical modification of thin-film transistors.
  • Introduced hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) molecules to create charge receptors mimicking neurotransmitter receptors.
  • Achieved low operating voltage (-50-50 mV) and low power consumption (∼1 pJ/synaptic event).

Main Results:

  • Developed artificial synapses with operating voltages matching biological action potentials.
  • Demonstrated significantly low power consumption, minimizing the divide with biological systems.
  • Achieved near-ideal accuracy in pattern recognition due to stable synaptic behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • The developed artificial synaptic device offers a low-voltage, low-power solution for bionic devices and brain-machine interfaces.
  • The chemical processing methodology serves as a platform technology adaptable for various conventional devices.
  • This environmentally friendly, low-temperature processing method holds promise for future bionic device development.