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Exploring factors associated with obesity in Argentinian children using structural equation modeling.

Ignacio Mendez1, María Victoria Fasano1,2, Alicia B Orden3,4

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Family socioeconomic status influences childhood obesity risk through healthy habits. Higher socioeconomic status promotes better habits, reducing obesity in children. This highlights the importance of family environment and healthy behaviors in managing child weight.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern.
  • Family environment and socioeconomic factors significantly influence health behaviors.
  • Understanding the interplay between socioeconomic status, habits, and obesity is crucial for intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between family socioeconomic indicators and childhood obesity.
  • To examine the mediating role of energy balance-related habits in this association.
  • To apply structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze these complex relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 861 Argentinian schoolchildren (ages 6-12).
  • Utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) with latent variables for socioeconomic status, healthy habits, and obesity.
  • Data collected via parental questionnaires and anthropometric measurements.

Main Results:

  • The SEM model demonstrated an acceptable fit.
  • Socioeconomic status positively impacted healthy habits (e.g., physical activity, sleep).
  • Healthy habits, particularly physical activity and maternal nutritional status, mediated the link between socioeconomic status and child obesity, negatively influencing obesity indicators.

Conclusions:

  • Family socioeconomic status is a significant determinant of childhood obesity, acting through healthy habits.
  • Promoting healthy habits is a key strategy for mitigating obesity risk in children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds.
  • Interventions should consider family environment and socioeconomic context to effectively address childhood obesity.