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Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer
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Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy
Sasan Ghaffari1, Nima Rezaei2,3,4
1Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
Journal of Translational Medicine
|August 16, 2023
Summary
Eosinophils, often overlooked immune cells, play a dual role in cancer, either promoting or suppressing tumor growth. Understanding their function in the tumor microenvironment is key to developing new cancer immunotherapies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Eosinophils are granulocytes typically studied in allergic conditions.
- Their role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and cancer outcomes is increasingly recognized.
- Eosinophils possess diverse mediators and receptors influencing innate and adaptive immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the mechanistic functions of eosinophils in cancer.
- To explore how eosinophils interact with tumor cells, immune cells, and gut microbiota.
- To examine the implications of eosinophil functions for cancer immunotherapy.
Main Methods:
- Review of eosinophil biology, differentiation, and mediators.
- Analysis of eosinophil interactions within the TME.
- Examination of eosinophil roles in response to various cytokines and immune cells.
Main Results:
- Activated eosinophils can promote or suppress tumor growth based on TME context.
- Eosinophil mediators like IL-5, IL-33, GM-CSF, TSLP, and CCL11 influence their anti-tumor or pro-tumor activity.
- Eosinophils interact with tumor cells, T cells, plasma cells, NK cells, and gut microbiota.
Conclusions:
- Understanding eosinophil-driven mechanisms in cancer is crucial for novel therapeutic strategies.
- Eosinophils can synergize with existing cancer immunotherapies like immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and CAR T cell therapy.
- Targeting eosinophil functions offers a promising avenue for augmenting cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
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