Cardiovascular Manifestations of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated With COVID-19

Area of Science:

• Pediatric critical care
• Infectious diseases
• Cardiology

Background:

• The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has profoundly impacted global health and society since 2019.
• While acute COVID-19 is often milder in children, a post-acute syndrome resembling Kawasaki disease (KD) has emerged.
• This syndrome, named multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), can lead to severe, life-threatening complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To consolidate current information on cardiac manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and MIS-C in children.
• To review the cardiovascular changes observed in pediatric patients with MIS-C.
• To provide updated insights for effective disease management and improved patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of existing studies on cardiac changes in SARS-CoV-2 infection and MIS-C.
• Consolidation of data regarding cardiovascular manifestations.
• Analysis of reported morbidity and mortality associated with cardiac involvement.

Main Results:

• Children with MIS-C exhibit a range of cardiovascular complications, impacting significant morbidity and mortality.
• Cardiac involvement affects multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular system.
• The syndrome presents distinct challenges compared to typical Kawasaki disease due to its association with COVID-19.

Conclusions:

• Cardiovascular manifestations are a critical concern in pediatric patients with MIS-C.
• Further research is essential to understand and manage the long-term cardiac sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children.
• Timely recognition and management of MIS-C are crucial for mitigating severe outcomes.