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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...

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Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

Glenohumeral arthrodesis.

Michael A Del Core¹, Holt S Cutler¹, Timothy Schacherer¹

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.

JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques

|August 17, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Glenohumeral arthrodesis offers a stable, painless shoulder for severe conditions, but carries a high complication rate. Careful patient selection and discussion of risks are crucial for successful outcomes.

Keywords:

Glenohumeral arthrodesis Glenohumeral fusion Glenohumeral salvage Shoulder arthrodesis Shoulder fusion Shoulder salvage

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Shoulder Reconstruction
Arthrodesis Procedures

Background:

Glenohumeral arthrodesis is a salvage procedure for debilitating shoulder conditions like brachial plexus palsy, instability, bone loss, and chronic infections.
The primary goal is to achieve a painless, stable shoulder positioned for maximal function, relying on remaining upper extremity motion.
Various surgical techniques exist, including intra-articular, extra-articular, and combined fusions, with recent advancements in arthroscopically assisted methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the indications, techniques, outcomes, and complications associated with glenohumeral arthrodesis.
To highlight the importance of understanding the procedure's risks and benefits for patient selection.
To evaluate the effectiveness of arthroscopic-assisted techniques and their role in conversion to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on glenohumeral arthrodesis techniques and outcomes.
Analysis of complication rates associated with different surgical approaches.
Evaluation of patient function and satisfaction following the procedure.

Main Results:

Glenohumeral arthrodesis can provide satisfactory function through scapulothoracic and distal extremity motion.
Arthroscopic-assisted techniques show promising results and facilitate conversion to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.
Complication rates remain high, reaching up to 43% despite technical advancements.

Conclusions:

Glenohumeral arthrodesis is a safe and effective salvage procedure when indicated for appropriate patients.
A comprehensive understanding of potential complications is essential for improving patient results.
Preoperative patient counseling regarding the procedure's magnitude, risks, and expected outcomes is paramount.