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Related Concept Videos

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Learning to draw Fischer projections of molecules and understanding their relevance plays a crucial role in the visual depiction of organic molecules. A Fischer projection is a two-dimensional projection on a planar surface to simplify the three-dimensional wedge–dash representation of molecules. This is especially helpful in the case of molecules with multiple chiral centers that can be difficult to draw. Here, all the bonds of interest are represented as horizontal or vertical lines.
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Prochirality

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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
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The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
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Isomerism in Complexes
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Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface
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Constructing Chiral Covalent-Organic Frameworks for Circularly Polarized Light Detection.

Qianfeng Gu1, Jiajia Zha1, Cailing Chen2

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|August 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Chiral covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are developed for photodetectors to identify circularly polarized light (CPL). These novel COFs enable direct, miniaturized detection of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light.

Keywords:
chiral COFschiropticscircularly polarized lightphotodetectors

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Chiral covalent organic frameworks (COFs) offer potential for miniaturized photodetectors.
  • Direct detection of circularly polarized light (CPL) is crucial for advanced optical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize novel chiral 2D COFs for direct CPL detection.
  • To investigate the performance of these COFs in photodetectors for distinguishing CPL.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two isoreticular chiral 2D COFs (CityU-7 and CityU-8) using photosensitive porphyrin-based amines and chiral aldehyde linkers.
  • Structural characterization using powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and low-dose transmission electron microscopy.
  • Fabrication and testing of photodetectors utilizing the synthesized chiral COFs as active layers.

Main Results:

  • The crystalline structures of CityU-7 and CityU-8 were confirmed.
  • Photodetectors demonstrated distinguishable detection of left-handed (LHC) and right-handed (RHC) circularly polarized light at 405 nm.
  • The devices exhibited short response times, high responsivity, and satisfactory detectivity.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first example of chiral COFs designed for direct CPL detection.
  • The developed chiral COFs are promising active materials for integrated and miniaturized CPL photodetectors.