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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Thyroid Morphology and Thyroid Function.

Priscila A M de Sousa1, Joana R D Pereira2, João Regis I Carneiro2

  • 1Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Prof. Rodolfo Rocco 255, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-617, Brazil. alves_priscila@hotmail.com.

Obesity Surgery
|August 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Bariatric surgery reduced thyroid volume and improved T4 to T3 conversion, correlating with metabolic and inflammatory markers. These changes suggest bariatric surgery positively impacts thyroid function in severe obesity.

Keywords:
Inflammatory markersInsulin resistanceThyroid functionThyroid morphology

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Surgery
  • Thyroidology

Background:

  • Limited research exists on bariatric surgery's effects on thyroid function and morphology.
  • Understanding these impacts is crucial for managing patients with severe obesity undergoing bariatric procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) on thyroid function and morphology.
  • To correlate these changes with inflammatory and metabolic markers.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study involving 70 patients with severe obesity, divided into a bariatric group (40 patients) and a control group (30 patients).
  • Thyroid ultrasound and laboratory analyses were performed pre- and post-surgery (2nd year) to assess thyroid hormones, inflammatory, and metabolic markers.

Main Results:

  • Bariatric surgery significantly reduced thyroid volume (ΔTV) compared to the control group (p = 0.003).
  • ΔTV positively correlated with insulin resistance (ΔHOMA-IR) and IL-6 (ΔIL6), and negatively with TSH (ΔTSH) and T3/T4 ratio (p < 0.001).
  • A significant increase in T4 to T3 conversion (ΔT3/T4 ratio) was observed post-BS (p = 0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Bariatric surgery leads to reduced thyroid volume and improved T4 to T3 conversion, potentially linked to reduced inflammation.
  • Changes in thyroid volume after bariatric surgery are associated with improvements in metabolic and inflammatory markers.