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Test-retest reliability and construct validity of trunk extensor muscle force modulation accuracy.

John R Gilliam1, Ahyoung Song1, Pradeep K Sahu1

  • 1Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America.

Plos One
|August 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates a reliable method for measuring trunk muscle force modulation (FM) accuracy in healthy individuals. The developed protocol consistently assesses voluntary force modulation, crucial for understanding motor control in low back pain.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Low back pain is linked to trunk muscle dysfunction and impaired motor control.
  • Voluntary force modulation (FM) of trunk muscles is an under-investigated aspect of motor control.
  • Reliability and validity data for trunk FM protocols are scarce, hindering research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish the within- and between-day test-retest reliability of trunk extensor muscle FM.
  • To assess the construct validity of a novel trunk FM protocol.
  • To investigate motor control strategies during trunk extensor FM.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-nine healthy participants performed isometric trunk force testing using a custom apparatus.
  • Force modulation accuracy was measured against a fluctuating target force (20-50% MVC) using root mean square error.
  • Reliability was assessed via ICC, SEM, and MDD95; muscle synergies were analyzed using NNMF on EMG data.

Main Results:

  • Excellent within- and between-day test-retest reliability for FM accuracy was observed (ICC range: 0.865–0.979).
  • SEM and MDD95 values indicated high precision (SEM: 0.9–1.8 N; MDD95: 2.4–4.9 N).
  • NNMF identified two consistent muscle synergies, confirming trunk extensor muscle involvement in the FM task.

Conclusions:

  • The developed protocol offers reliable and precise measurement of trunk extensor muscle FM accuracy.
  • This method can be consistently applied across testing sessions for research and clinical applications.
  • Trunk extensor FM involves coordinated activation of multiple trunk muscles, not specific to a single group.