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Related Concept Videos

Urine Studies I: Urinalysis01:29

Urine Studies I: Urinalysis

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Urinalysis is a widely used diagnostic test that analyzes urine's physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics. Healthcare providers use it to detect and monitor various health conditions, including renal disease, urinary tract infections (UTIs), diabetes, and metabolic or systemic disorders.Components of UrinalysisUrinalysis consists of three primary components: physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Each provides unique insights into the urine sample and, by extension, the...
40
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

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A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
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Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview01:27

Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview

239
Controlled current coulometry, also known as amperostatic coulometry, is a technique used in electrochemical analysis to measure the quantity of a substance through the controlled passage of current. It involves the application of a constant current to an electrochemical cell containing the analyte of interest. As the current flows through the cell, the analyte undergoes a redox reaction at the electrode surface, resulting in a charge transfer. By monitoring the time required for a certain...
239
Contaminants and Errors01:16

Contaminants and Errors

112
Effective sample preparation is crucial for accurate and reliable laboratory analysis. During this process, two significant sources of error can arise: concentration bias from improper sample splitting and contamination caused by methods used to reduce particle size, such as grinding or homogenization. Identifying and minimizing these potential errors is crucial to ensuring the validity of the analysis.
Another key consideration is determining the appropriate number of samples required to...
112
Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution01:20

Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution

19
The kidneys concentrate or dilute urine to maintain water and electrolyte balance. Nephrons, particularly the loop of Henle, play a crucial role in this process through the countercurrent multiplication system. This system establishes a high osmolarity in the renal medulla, which is essential for water reabsorption. In the loop of Henle’s descending limb, water is reabsorbed into the surrounding medulla due to its permeability to water. In contrast, the ascending limb actively transports...
19
One-Compartment Open Model: Urinary Excretion Data and Determination of k01:11

One-Compartment Open Model: Urinary Excretion Data and Determination of k

219
The one-compartment open model leverages urinary excretion data to estimate renal clearance, which gauges the kidney's capacity to expel a drug. This method offers several benefits, including directly measuring drug elimination and assessing the kidney's contribution to overall drug clearance. However, this approach has limitations. It assumes sole renal excretion of the drug, which is not true for all drugs. Accurate urinary excretion and plasma drug concentration measurement can also...
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Low-Cost, Volume-Controlled Dipstick Urinalysis for Home-Testing
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Variable Control and Its Influence Before Urine Sample Analysis in a Field Environment.

Jingjing Jiang1, Hanxuan Liu2, Wenfeng Ni1

  • 1Clinical and Biological Sample Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.

Biopreservation and Biobanking
|August 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Storing urine samples at 4°C or room temperature preserves electrolyte and metabolite levels. Centrifugation impacts gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and myoglobin, with brief 4°C storage suitable for protein analysis.

Keywords:
myoglobinstorage timetemperature and humidityurine sample

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Urine Analysis

Background:

  • Accurate urine sample analysis is crucial for diagnosis.
  • Optimal storage conditions are needed to maintain analyte integrity.
  • Variability in storage affects biochemical and point-of-care testing (POCT) results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the best storage conditions for urine samples.
  • To evaluate the impact of temperature, humidity, and centrifugation on urine analytes.
  • To assess storage stability for common biochemical and POCT indicators.

Main Methods:

  • Urine samples from 10 healthy individuals were collected and aliquoted.
  • Samples were centrifuged or uncentrifuged and stored at various temperatures (4°C, room temperature, 50°C) and humidity levels.
  • Analyzed electrolytes ([Na+], [K+], [Cl-]), metabolites (urea, creatinine [Cr]), and POCT indicators (myoglobin [Mb], microalbumin [mAlb]) over different time points (hours to days).

Main Results:

  • Centrifugation altered gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and myoglobin (Mb) levels.
  • Electrolytes and metabolites were stable at 4°C and room temperature, but changed at 50°C.
  • Microalbumin (mAlb) was significantly affected by storage at 4°C, while Mb was stable short-term at 4°C.
  • Humidity impacted electrolyte and urea concentrations, and GGT/Cr levels varied with humidity.

Conclusions:

  • Urine samples are best stored at 4°C or room temperature to maintain electrolyte and metabolite integrity.
  • Centrifugation is recommended for specific tests like myoglobin quantification.
  • Brief storage at 4°C post-centrifugation is suitable for certain protein analyses, with normal humidity generally adequate for most tests.