Tailoring Phase Fraction Induced Saturation Polarization Delay for High-Performance BaTiO₃-Based Relaxed...

Electrostatic capacitors based on dielectric materials are essential for enabling technological advances, including miniaturization and integration of electronic devices. However, maintaining a high polarization and breakdown field strength simultaneously in electrostatic capacitors remains a major challenge for industrial applications. Herein, a universal approach to delaying saturation polarization in BaTiO₃-based ceramic is reported via tailoring phase fraction to improve capacitive performance. The ceramic of 0.85(0.7BaTiO₃-0.3Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃)-0.15Bi_0.5Li_0.5(Ti_0.75Ta_0.2)O₃ delivers an ultrahigh recoverable energy density (W_rec) of 7.16 J cm^-3 along with an efficiency (η) of approximately 90% at a breakdown electric field of 700 kV cm^-1, outperforming the current BaTiO₃-based ceramics and other lead-free ceramics. Meanwhile, the W_rec and η exhibit wide frequency, temperature, and cycling fatigue stability. Additionally, both an extremely fast discharge time of 115 ns and a large power density of 106.16 MW cm^-3 are concurrently attained. This work offers a promising pathway for delaying saturation polarization design in order to create scalable high-energy-density ceramics capacitors and highlight the research prospects of pulse power applications.