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Multifunctional redundancy: Impossible or undetected?

Bridget E White1, Mark J Hovenden1, Leon A Barmuta1

  • 1School of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia.

Ecology and Evolution
|August 18, 2023
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Summary

Multifunctional redundancy, linking species diversity to multiple ecosystem functions, is rarely detected. This study suggests research methods, not rarity, explain this, advocating for improved experimental designs to detect it.

Keywords:
ecologyecosystem functioningmultifunctional redundancymultifunctionalityredundancy

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Ecosystem Functioning
  • Biodiversity Research

Background:

  • The diversity-functioning relationship is central to ecology, with concepts like redundancy and multifunctionality widely studied.
  • Multifunctional redundancy, where increased diversity asymptotically enhances multiple simultaneous functions, is infrequently observed in research.
  • Existing research often overlooks key factors influencing the detection of multifunctional redundancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate why multifunctional redundancy is rarely detected in ecological studies.
  • To identify systematic research errors and methodological limitations hindering the observation of multifunctional redundancy.
  • To propose improvements in experimental design and terminology for future research.

Main Methods:

  • Review and critique of current methodologies for assessing multifunctionality.
  • Analysis of how term inconsistencies (e.g., 'function') impact research outcomes.
  • Examination of the influence of determining a function's maximum rate on multifunctionality metrics.
  • Critique of experimental designs lacking consideration for multitrophic, spatiotemporal, and community assembly processes.

Main Results:

  • Inconsistencies in defining and measuring ecological 'function' contribute to mismatched research findings.
  • The method for determining a function's maximum rate can significantly alter multifunctionality metrics.
  • Experimental designs often fail to incorporate crucial ecological complexities, reducing the likelihood of detecting multifunctional redundancy.
  • Multifunctional redundancy is likely detectable with refined methodologies.

Conclusions:

  • The rarity of detected multifunctional redundancy may stem from methodological limitations rather than its actual absence.
  • Standardizing terminology and improving the calculation of multifunctionality metrics are crucial.
  • Future research must incorporate multitrophic interactions, spatiotemporal dynamics, and community assembly processes to accurately detect multifunctional redundancy.