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Related Concept Videos

The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
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Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

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DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Mutations01:35

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Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Human Ex vivo Wound Model and Whole-Mount Staining Approach to Accurately Evaluate Skin Repair
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[Skin aging exposome].

Jean Krutmann1, Susanne Grether-Beck2, Eugenia Makrantonaki3,4,5

  • 1IUF - Leibniz-Institut für umweltmedizinische Forschung, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland. jean.krutmann@iuf-duesseldorf.de.

Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)
|August 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The skin

Keywords:
Air pollutionClimate factorsTargeted preventionUV radiationVisible light

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and environmental science.

Context:

  • The skin acts as a barrier, constantly exposed to environmental factors influencing aging.
  • Understanding environmentally induced skin aging is crucial for dermatological research.

Purpose:

  • To apply the exposome concept to environmentally induced skin aging.
  • To review current knowledge on the skin aging exposome.

Summary:

  • This review details key exposomal factors affecting skin aging.
  • It assesses their individual and interactive importance.
  • The study explores clinical implications for prevention.

Impact:

  • Provides a framework for understanding extrinsic skin aging.
  • Highlights the role of the exposome in clinical dermatology.
  • Informs strategies for effective skin aging prevention.