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Capillary Imbibition in a Diverging Flexible Channel.

Mouad Boudina1, Gwynn J Elfring1

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Flexible sheets imbibing liquid show complex flow dynamics. Elasticity reverses principles of rigid plates, with diverging flexible sheets enhancing liquid wicking compared to parallel configurations.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Soft matter physics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Wetting liquid imbibition between surfaces is crucial in various natural and engineered systems.
  • The behavior of flexible materials under fluid flow differs significantly from rigid counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of sheet flexibility and initial geometry on liquid imbibition dynamics.
  • To determine conditions that enhance or impede the wicking process in confined geometries.

Main Methods:

  • Solving the lubrication equation coupled with slender body deformation theory.
  • Analyzing the interplay between fluid flow, capillary forces, and elastic deformation.
  • Investigating both parallel and tilted flexible sheet configurations.

Main Results:

  • In parallel flexible sheets, initial deformation accelerates flow, but later contraction slows it, potentially causing collapse below a critical stiffness.
  • Tilted flexible sheets avoid collapse, with diverging geometry enhancing capillary propulsion and wicking speed.
  • Elasticity reverses the trend seen in rigid plates; diverging flexible sheets imbibe faster than parallel ones.

Conclusions:

  • Sheet flexibility and initial tilt angle are critical parameters controlling imbibition in confined geometries.
  • Diverging flexible sheets offer a mechanism for enhanced liquid transport compared to parallel configurations.
  • An optimal tilt angle exists for maximizing wicking speed in flexible sheet systems.