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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

An In vitro Model to Study Heterogeneity of Human Macrophage Differentiation and Polarization
Published on: June 12, 2013
Macrophage heterogeneity in the single-cell era: facts and artifacts
David A Hume1, Susan M Millard1, Allison R Pettit1
1Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
Abstract:
In this spotlight, we review technical issues that compromise single-cell analysis of tissue macrophages, including limited and unrepresentative yields, fragmentation and generation of remnants, and activation during tissue disaggregation. These issues may lead to a misleading definition of subpopulations of macrophages and the expression of macrophage-specific transcripts by unrelated cells. Recognition of the technical limitations of single-cell approaches is required in order to map the full spectrum of tissue-resident macrophage heterogeneity and assess its biological significance.
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