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Borophosphate glasses as active agents for antimicrobial hydrogels.

Jaqueline Saracini1, Iago C M de Assis2, Gabrielle Caroline Peiter2

  • 1Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Engenharias e Ciências Exatas-CECE, 85903-000, Toledo, PR, Brazil.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|August 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Transition-metal-free potassium borophosphate glasses offer bactericidal properties. Adjusting the phosphorus to boron ratio enhances water solubility and antimicrobial efficacy in hydrogel formulations.

Keywords:
Antimicrobial activityBorophosphate glassesHydrogelTransition metal-free agent

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Traditional antimicrobial agents face challenges like resistance and environmental impact.
  • Developing novel, effective, and safe antimicrobial materials is crucial for public health.
  • Borophosphate glasses represent a promising class of materials with tunable properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize transition-metal-free potassium borophosphate glasses.
  • To investigate the antimicrobial activity of these glasses against common bacteria.
  • To develop and evaluate hydrogel formulations incorporating these glasses for enhanced antimicrobial applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of potassium borophosphate glasses with varying phosphorus-to-boron ratios.
  • Characterization using X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.
  • Evaluation of water solubility and antimicrobial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • Formulation of hydrogels using Carbopol® and assessment of their antimicrobial performance.

Main Results:

  • Potassium borophosphate glasses were successfully synthesized without transition metals.
  • Water solubility of the glasses increased with higher phosphorus content (P/B ratios of 2, 1, and 0.5).
  • Phosphorus-rich glass formulations (15% w/w) in hydrogels demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, surpassing commercial hand sanitizers.
  • Inhibition halo sizes averaged 24.02±1.43 mm for S. aureus and 19.24±1.63 mm for E. coli.

Conclusions:

  • Transition-metal-free potassium borophosphate glasses are effective bactericidal and bacteriostatic agents.
  • Tunable water solubility and antimicrobial activity can be achieved by modifying the P/B molar ratio.
  • These glasses show potential for developing advanced antimicrobial hydrogel formulations for various applications.