Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

10
Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
10
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

10
Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
10
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

16
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
16
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

25
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
25
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

12
IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
12
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

9
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
9

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The immunology behind inflammaging - causes, sources, and mechanisms.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same author

Immune responses in aging adults.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2026
Same author

Differential associations between preoperative anaemia and postoperative outcomes in women and men undergoing surgery<sup>✰</sup>.

British journal of anaesthesia·2026
Same author

Inflammatory arthritis irAE may represent a unique autoimmune disease primarily driven by T cells but likely not autoantibodies.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Macrophage metabolic exhaustion and PANoptotic cell death drive chronic tissue inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Immunity·2026
Same author

Language Barriers and Other Determinants of Post-Intensive Care Unit Follow-Up: A 5-Year Review.

Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2025

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
06:35

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

7.2K

Persistent aortic inflammation in patients with giant cell arteritis.

Mahmut S Kaymakci1, Nicholas A Boire2, Melanie C Bois3

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Autoimmunity Reviews
|August 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients undergoing thoracic aorta surgery often show active inflammation, even years after diagnosis. This chronic aortitis may lead to aortic aneurysm and dissection, increasing mortality risk.

Keywords:
AortitisChronic diseaseGiant cell arteritisHistopathologyLarge vessel vasculitis

More Related Videos

A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites
09:52

A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites

Published on: August 8, 2014

17.6K
Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat
04:30

Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat

Published on: February 4, 2021

3.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2025

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
06:35

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

7.2K
A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites
09:52

A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites

Published on: August 8, 2014

17.6K
Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat
04:30

Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat

Published on: February 4, 2021

3.4K

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Rheumatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis that can affect large arteries, including the aorta.
  • Thoracic aorta aneurysm and dissection are serious complications that can occur in patients with GCA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinicopathologic features of patients with GCA who underwent thoracic aorta surgery.
  • To determine the prevalence of active aortitis in GCA patients with thoracic aorta pathology.
  • To assess the long-term survival outcomes in GCA patients after thoracic aorta surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of patients who underwent thoracic aorta surgery between 2000 and 2021 at Mayo Clinic.
  • Screening for prior GCA diagnosis using diagnostic codes and electronic text search.
  • Pathologic re-evaluation of thoracic aorta tissues and analysis of clinicopathologic features.

Main Results:

  • Of 4621 thoracic aorta surgery patients, 49 had a GCA diagnosis.
  • Active aortitis was found in 82% of GCA patients (40/49) during surgery, a median of 6 years post-GCA diagnosis.
  • GCA patients had a significantly increased standardized mortality ratio (1.55) compared to the general population.

Conclusions:

  • Active aortitis persists in the thoracic aorta of most GCA patients, even when in clinical remission.
  • Chronic, smoldering inflammation of the aorta is a likely contributor to aneurysm and dissection development in GCA.
  • These findings highlight the importance of long-term surveillance for aortic complications in GCA patients.