The relationship between dietary patterns derived from inflammation and cognitive impairment in patients undergoing
Yan Zhuang1, Xinmei Wang2, Xuanrui Zhang1
1Medical School (School of Nursing), Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
Insights
A specific dietary pattern linked to high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels significantly increases the risk of cognitive impairment (CI) in hemodialysis patients. This pattern involves high intake of rice, liquor, fruit, tea, and coffee.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Nutrition Science
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Inflammation is linked to cognitive impairment (CI) in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
- Dietary patterns influencing inflammation in HD patients and their impact on CI require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between dietary patterns derived from C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and CI in HD patients.
Main Methods:
- Dietary intake assessed via a food frequency questionnaire.
- Reduced rank regression (RRR) identified dietary patterns using IL-6 and CRP.
- Cognitive function evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Beijing version).
- Multivariable logistic regression analyzed the association between dietary patterns and CI.
Main Results:
- No significant association found between IL-6-derived dietary patterns and CI.
- A dietary pattern associated with high CRP levels (high rice, liquor, fruit, tea, coffee; low dark vegetables, juice) significantly increased CI risk (AOR 8.62).
- This association remained significant after adjusting for numerous confounders (AOR 14.54).
Conclusions:
- A dietary pattern characterized by high CRP is associated with increased cognitive impairment risk in hemodialysis patients.
- Specific food items like rice, liquor, fruit, tea, and coffee may contribute to this risk.
- Further research is needed to confirm the role of seafood, sweet beverages, and alcohol in CI among HD patients.
Introduction:
Dietary patterns were shown to be closely related to inflammation, which was independently associated with cognitive impairment (CI) in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). However, it remains unclear the influence of dietary patterns derived from inflammation on CI in this population. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary patterns derived from C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and CI in patients undergoing HD.
Methods:
Dietary intake was obtained from the simplified quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Reduced rank regression (RRR) was used to extract two dietary patterns, with IL-6 and CRP as response variables. Cognitive function was examined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Beijing version). Venous blood was drawn for measuring IL-6 and CRP levels. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the association between dietary patterns and CI.
Results:
Dietary pattern derived from IL-6 was not significantly associated with CI. The third quartile of dietary pattern, which used CRP as the response variable, significantly contributed to the increased risk of CI (AOR 8.62, 95% CI 1.47-50.67) after controlling age, sex, education level, marital status, and residential pattern (p-for-trend = 0.028). After considering hypertension and diabetes, physical activity level, anxiety and depression, smoking and drinking status, social support, energy intake, and the dietary pattern derived from IL-6 (p-for-trend = 0.026), the relationship between the dietary pattern derived from CRP and CI remained significant (AOR 14.54, 95% CI 1.40-151.13).
Conclusion:
Dietary pattern associated with high CRP level, including high intake of rice, liquor, fruit, tea and coffee and low intake of dark vegetables and juice, contributed to the increased risk of CI. The association between the consumption of seafood, sweet beverages, and alcohol and CI is yet to be established. However, they may be dietary contributing factors to inflammation in patients undergoing HD.
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