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Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Manual Construction of a Tissue Microarray using the Tape Method and a Handheld Microarrayer
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A Simplified Method of Manually Constructing Small Format Tissue Microarray for Use in Resource-Constrained Settings.

Seetu Palo1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana.

Iranian Journal of Pathology
|August 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A new manual method for constructing tissue microarrays (TMAs) using disposable skin punch biopsy needles offers a cost-effective solution. This simple technique allows for successful immunohistochemical analysis in resource-limited settings.

Keywords:
Core flotationCore tiltSkin punch biopsy needlesTissue microarray

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomic pathology
  • Histotechnology
  • Immunohistochemistry

Background:

  • Tissue microarray (TMA) construction is valuable but expensive.
  • Existing methods pose challenges for resource-limited laboratories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, efficient, and cost-effective manual method for small-format tissue microarray block construction.
  • To validate the feasibility of this method for diagnostic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized disposable skin punch biopsy needles to extract 4-mm tissue cores from 60 thyroidectomy paraffin blocks.
  • Employed manual orientation of cores within embedding cassettes and slow dispensing of molten wax.
  • Performed standard histological processing, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and immunohistochemical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Achieved successful tissue core extraction without loss or damage to donor blocks.
  • Overcame technical challenges such as core tilt and floatation.
  • Demonstrated satisfactory morphological identification, histological typing, and immunohistochemical analysis on TMA sections.

Conclusions:

  • The manual TMA construction method is simple, reproducible, and time-saving.
  • This technique provides a feasible and cost-effective alternative for immunohistochemical studies in resource-poor laboratories.