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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Reticular Dermis01:15

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
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Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Immunologic and nonimmunologic sclerodermal skin conditions - review.

Carmen Bobeica1, Elena Niculet1,2, Mihaela Craescu1,2

  • 1Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunărea de Jos" University, Galaţi, Romania.

Frontiers in Immunology
|August 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Scleroderma-like skin lesions mimic scleroderma but arise from diverse conditions. Accurate differential diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment of these sclerotic or scleroatrophic changes.

Keywords:
immunological skin conditionslichen sclerosus (balanitis xerotica obliterans)scleredema Burschkescleroatrophic lichenscleromyxedemasystemic sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Scleroderma-like cutaneous lesions present clinically as sclerotic or scleroatrophic changes.
  • Histopathological examination of affected skin reveals changes similar to localized scleroderma or systemic sclerosis.
  • These lesions are observed across a spectrum of pathological conditions, indicating diverse underlying etiologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the varied origins of scleroderma-like cutaneous lesions.
  • To emphasize the importance of differentiating these lesions from true scleroderma.
  • To underscore the necessity of accurate diagnosis for appropriate therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of scleroderma-like cutaneous lesions.
  • Analysis of histopathological findings in affected skin biopsies.
  • Categorization of associated pathological conditions based on etiology (inflammatory, storage, metabolic, progeroid syndromes).

Main Results:

  • Scleroderma-like lesions manifest in numerous diseases, not exclusively scleroderma.
  • Identified categories include autoimmune inflammatory diseases, tissue storage disorders, metabolic diseases, and progeroid syndromes.
  • Histopathology often mirrors scleroderma but the clinical context is broader.

Conclusions:

  • The differential diagnosis for scleroderma-like lesions is extensive.
  • Recognizing the diverse etiologies is paramount for guiding patient management.
  • A precise diagnosis is essential for initiating the correct treatment regimen.