Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 18, 2025
07:09
A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
Published on: February 18, 2022
1.9K
Pediatric heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, a review
Sophie Quennelle1,2,3, Damien Bonnet1,3
1Pediatric Cardiology Department, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France.
Frontiers in Pediatrics
|August 21, 2023
Summary
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is poorly understood in children. This review explores its causes, diagnosis challenges, and prognostic factors in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- Diastolic dysfunction impairs heart filling, potentially causing heart failure even with normal systolic function.
- Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is common in adults but underrecognized in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the causes and prognostic factors of HFpEF in children.
- To discuss diagnostic challenges and provide a simplified diagnostic algorithm for pediatric HFpEF.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on pediatric HFpEF.
- Analysis of underlying etiologies and associated pulmonary hypertension.
- Examination of diagnostic difficulties and proposed solutions.
Main Results:
- Causes of pediatric HFpEF are diverse and differ from adults.
- Pulmonary hypertension profiles are associated with this condition.
- Diagnosis in children presents unique challenges.
Conclusions:
- Understanding pediatric HFpEF requires addressing its unique causes and diagnostic hurdles.
- A simplified diagnostic algorithm can aid clinical practice.
- Further research is needed to improve recognition and management of HFpEF in children.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
1.6K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.6K
01:29Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
15
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
15
01:30Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation
19
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
19
01:30Heart Failure V: Medical Management
13
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
13
01:27Heart Failure I: Introduction
16
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
16
01:30Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
11
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
11