Non-bacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis Related to Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rare condition characterized by sterile vegetations on heart valves.
• NBTE is often associated with malignancy, particularly adenocarcinomas, but is rarely reported with squamous cell carcinoma.
• Cervical cancer is a significant global health concern, and understanding its rare complications is crucial.

Observation:

• A 51-year-old woman with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix presented with a constellation of thrombotic events.
• These events included deep vein thrombosis, extensive pulmonary embolisms, myocardial infarction, and multiple ischemic strokes.
• Echocardiogram showed large aortic valve vegetations without evidence of infectious endocarditis.

Findings:

• The clinical presentation and echocardiographic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE).
• This represents a rare association between NBTE and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.
• The thrombotic events were attributed to NBTE, likely secondary to the underlying malignancy.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering NBTE in patients with malignancy who present with unexplained thrombotic phenomena.
• Early recognition and management of NBTE can be critical in preventing severe thromboembolic complications.
• Further research into the mechanisms linking squamous cell carcinoma and NBTE may improve patient outcomes.