Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene01:13

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene

6.1K
Bromination and chlorination of aromatic rings by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are easily achieved, but fluorination and iodination are difficult to achieve. Fluorine is so reactive that its reaction with benzene is difficult to control, resulting in poor yields of monofluoroaromatic products. To address this, Selectfluor reagent is used as a fluorine source in which a fluorine atom is bonded to a positively charged nitrogen.
6.1K
ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens01:24

ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens

5.6K
Halogens are ortho–para directors. They are more electronegative than carbon. Therefore, as ring substituents, they can withdraw electrons through the inductive effect and deactivate the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution. Halogens also have an electron-donating resonance effect on the ring, which influences the orientation of the incoming electrophile. If an electrophile attacks at the ortho or the para position, the halogen donates electrons and stabilizes the intermediate...
5.6K
Valence Bond Theory02:45

Valence Bond Theory

32.5K
Overview of Valence Bond Theory
32.5K
Electron Affinity03:07

Electron Affinity

35.6K
The electron affinity (EA) is the energy change for adding an electron to a gaseous atom to form an anion (negative ion).
35.6K
Molecular Shape and Polarity03:37

Molecular Shape and Polarity

60.6K
Dipole Moment of a Molecule
60.6K
Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

24.2K

Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
24.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Amide α-C-H oxidative coupling reactions enabled by base-promoted halogen transfer.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

A Brønsted acid-base approach for the net monoselective C-F substitution of (trifluoromethyl)alkanes.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Direct Aziridine Synthesis from Amines and Styrene Derivatives via a Base-Promoted Oxidative Cascade Reaction.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

A strategy for the controllable generation of organic superbases from benchtop-stable salts.

Chemical science·2024
Same author

Direct Benzylic C-H Etherification Enabled by Base-Promoted Halogen Transfer.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2024
Same author

Direct C-H Hydroxylation of <i>N</i>-Heteroarenes and Benzenes <i>via</i> Base-Catalyzed Halogen Transfer.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes
10:10

Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes

Published on: July 28, 2018

6.5K

Synthetic Advantages of Defluorinative C-F Bond Functionalization.

Leidy V Hooker1, Jeffrey S Bandar1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|August 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Defluorinative functionalization offers a powerful strategy for synthesizing small molecules by leveraging carbon-fluorine bonds. This review highlights advances and opportunities in using these reactions for novel synthetic routes.

Keywords:
C−F ActivationDefluorofunctionalizationFluorineSynthesis DesignSynthetic Methods

More Related Videos

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
08:43

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

10.3K
18F-Labeling of Radiotracers Functionalized with a Silicon Fluoride Acceptor SiFA for Positron Emission Tomography
09:57

18F-Labeling of Radiotracers Functionalized with a Silicon Fluoride Acceptor SiFA for Positron Emission Tomography

Published on: January 11, 2020

7.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes
10:10

Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes

Published on: July 28, 2018

6.5K
Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
08:43

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

10.3K
18F-Labeling of Radiotracers Functionalized with a Silicon Fluoride Acceptor SiFA for Positron Emission Tomography
09:57

18F-Labeling of Radiotracers Functionalized with a Silicon Fluoride Acceptor SiFA for Positron Emission Tomography

Published on: January 11, 2020

7.5K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Synthetic Chemistry
  • Organofluorine Chemistry

Background:

  • Carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds are increasingly utilized as versatile synthetic handles in organic synthesis.
  • Advances in C-F bond formation and functionalization have expanded their synthetic utility.
  • Organofluorine compounds play crucial roles in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advantages of defluorinative functionalization reactions in small molecule synthesis.
  • To organize coverage based on the carbon framework of fluorinated motifs (mono- and polyfluorinated).
  • To discuss challenges, opportunities, and advances in defluorinative functionalization for various organofluorine classes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on defluorinative functionalization reactions.
  • Categorization of reactions based on the type of carbon framework bearing the C-F bond.
  • Analysis of case studies demonstrating synthetic applications and mechanistic insights.

Main Results:

  • Defluorinative functionalization provides efficient routes to complex small molecules.
  • The review covers strategies for both mono- and polyfluorinated compounds.
  • Case studies illustrate unique mechanisms and improved synthetic pathways enabled by C-F bond properties.

Conclusions:

  • Defluorinative functionalization represents a significant advancement in synthetic organic chemistry.
  • Exploiting C-F bonds offers new opportunities for designing synthetic routes and developing novel methodologies.
  • This approach enhances the synthesis of valuable organofluorine compounds.