Close-range photogrammetry reveals morphometric changes on replicative ground stones

Area of Science:

• Archaeology
• Material Science
• Geology

Background:

• Traceologists seek quantitative methods for stone tool functional analysis.
• 3D imaging advances capture detailed geometry and surface texture.
• Ground stone tools lack standardized study protocols, unlike flaked tools.

Purpose of the Study:

• Develop and test a 3D analytical procedure for ground stone tools.
• Create a site-specific reference collection for Upper Palaeolithic tools.
• Replicate use-wear traces on experimental tools using controlled experiments.

Main Methods:

• Utilized 3D photogrammetry for data acquisition at multiple usage stages.
• Tested various acquisition setups and data elaboration techniques.
• Analyzed geometry modification and surface depletion on experimental slabs and pebbles.

Main Results:

• Assessed and adjusted acquisition strategies to minimize bias.
• Enhanced the reliability and reproducibility of wear analysis.
• Demonstrated the effectiveness of photogrammetry for ground stone tool wear studies.

Conclusions:

• Careful consideration of acquisition strategy is vital for accurate archaeological analysis.
• The developed methodology improves the interpretation of ground stone tool function.
• This research contributes to establishing standardized protocols for ground stone tool analysis.