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Related Concept Videos

Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

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The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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Switching between External and Internal Attention in Hippocampal Networks.

Craig Poskanzer1, Mariam Aly2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 crp2170@columbia.edu.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|August 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The brain switches attention between external signals and internal memories by modulating the hippocampus. The basal forebrain supports external attention, while the dorsal attention network (DAN) supports internal attention, influencing hippocampal connectivity.

Keywords:
attentionbackground connectivityhippocampuslong-term memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Attention Research

Background:

  • The brain must balance processing external sensory information and internal memories.
  • The hippocampus may be a key region for integrating external and internal attentional states.
  • Previous research implicates the basal forebrain in external attention and the dorsal attention network (DAN) in internal attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the hippocampus switches between external and internal attention.
  • To test if the basal forebrain and DAN differentially modulate hippocampal connectivity based on attention demands.
  • To examine the relationship between network connectivity and task performance.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in 29 human participants.
  • Participants completed two tasks: one memory-guided (internal attention) and one explicitly instructed (external attention).
  • Background functional connectivity between the basal forebrain, DAN, and hippocampus was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Hippocampal connectivity with the basal forebrain was stronger during the external attention task.
  • Hippocampal connectivity with the DAN was stronger during the internal attention task.
  • DAN-hippocampus connectivity correlated with performance on the internal attention task.

Conclusions:

  • The basal forebrain and DAN appear to modulate hippocampal function to support distinct attentional states.
  • These findings suggest a neural mechanism for switching between processing external information and internal memories.
  • The study provides evidence for distinct network contributions to attention allocation in the human brain.