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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Achieving Efficient Fragment Screening at XChem Facility at Diamond Light Source
Published on: May 29, 2021
Using macromolecular electron densities to improve the enrichment of active compounds in virtual screening
Wenzhi Ma1, Wei Zhang2,3, Yuan Le1
1Beijing StoneWise Technology Co Ltd., Haidian Street #15, Haidian District, 100080, Beijing, China.
Abstract:
The quest for effective virtual screening algorithms is hindered by the scarcity of training data, calling for innovative approaches. This study presents the use of experimental electron density (ED) data for improving active compound enrichment in virtual screening, supported by ED's ability to reflect the time-averaged behavior of ligands and solvents in the binding pocket. Experimental ED-based grid matching score (ExptGMS) was developed to score compounds by measuring the degree of matching between their binding conformations and a series of multi-resolution experimental ED grids. The efficiency of ExptGMS was validated using both in silico tests with the Directory of Useful Decoys-Enhanced dataset and wet-lab tests on Covid-19 3CLpro-inhibitors. ExptGMS improved the active compound enrichment in top-ranked molecules by approximately 20%. Furthermore, ExptGMS identified four active inhibitors of 3CLpro, with the most effective showing an IC50 value of 1.9 µM. We also developed an online database containing experimental ED grids for over 17,000 proteins to facilitate the use of ExptGMS for academic users.
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