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Predictors of mortality in Ugandan children with TB, 2016-2021

G L Becker1, P Amuge2, R Ssebunya2

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|August 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) treatment in Uganda has a high mortality rate. Malnutrition and HIV infection significantly increase the risk of death in children undergoing TB treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • High burden of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) in Uganda.
  • Need to identify factors influencing mortality in children undergoing TB treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate predictors of mortality during TB treatment among children in Uganda.
  • To analyze TB treatment outcomes in pediatric patients at urban and rural referral hospitals.

Main Methods:

  • Historical cohort study design.
  • Inclusion of pediatric TB cases (<15 years) from 2016-2021.
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariable Cox regression models.

Main Results:

  • 1,658 pediatric TB cases identified; 7.8% mortality during treatment.
  • Median time to death was 27 days post-treatment initiation.
  • HIV, moderate, and severe malnutrition were significant predictors of mortality.

Conclusions:

  • High mortality observed in pediatric TB patients in Uganda.
  • Malnutrition and HIV are critical risk factors for death during TB treatment.
  • Deaths predominantly occurred during the intensive phase of TB treatment.

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