Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

2.8K

Dietary Factors Associated with Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Sara Zakarneh1, Yasmin Khial2, Reema Tayyem2

  • 1Department of Nutrition & Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.

Current Pediatric Reviews
|August 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Type 1 diabetes management in youth involves diet, exercise, and understanding nutrition. This review explores how factors like obesity, genetics, and physical activity impact glycemic control in children and adolescents with T1DM.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease causing insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia in children.
  • Its prevalence is significant, affecting 1 in 300 US children, with a rising global incidence.
  • Effective T1DM management necessitates insulin therapy, dietary adjustments, exercise, and nutritional knowledge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between lifestyle, genetic, and environmental factors and glycemic control in pediatric T1DM.
  • To synthesize current evidence on how diet, physical activity, and obesity influence T1DM management in youth.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Embase databases.
  • Publications from December 2004 to April 2022 were analyzed.
  • Key search terms included T1DM, children, adolescents, obesity, nutrients, dietary patterns, physical activity, and genetics.

Main Results:

  • Dietary factors, including macronutrient and micronutrient intake, significantly affect glycemic control.
  • Physical activity levels and obesity status are critical determinants of blood glucose regulation in T1DM.
  • Genetic predispositions and environmental influences also play a role in disease management.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing glycemic control in pediatric T1DM requires a multifaceted approach addressing nutrition, physical activity, and weight management.
  • Further research into the interplay of genetics and environmental factors is crucial for personalized T1DM care in adolescents and children.
  • Understanding these factors enables better management strategies for children and adolescents with T1DM.

Keywords:
Type 1 diabetes mellitusadolescentscarbohydrate count.childrendietary patternsglycemic controlinsulinnutrientsphysical activity

More Related Videos

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes07:22

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes

Published on: March 7, 2025

304
A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory10:03

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory

Published on: February 28, 2013

25.9K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.5K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.8K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
205
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
310
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
588
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
296