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The T1D Index: Implications of Initial Results, Data Limitations, and Future Development
Graham D Ogle1,2, Gabriel A Gregory3,4,5, Fei Wang4
1Life for a Child Program, Diabetes NSW, 26 Arundel St., Glebe, Sydney, New South Wales, 2037, Australia. gogle@diabetesaustralia.com.au.
Current Diabetes Reports
|August 23, 2023
Summary
The T1D Index estimates 8.4 million global cases of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in 2021, with significant mortality from non-diagnosis and inadequate care. Improving data and care access is crucial for reducing life years lost in type 1 diabetes patients.
Area of Science:
- Global health
- Epidemiology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Limited global data exists on type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence, prevalence, and mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
- This necessitates a comprehensive tool to estimate the global burden of T1D.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the methodology, limitations, findings, and future directions of the T1D Index.
- To assess the global burden of type 1 diabetes using a novel modeling approach.
Main Methods:
- Development of the T1D Index utilizing a Markov mathematical model, machine learning, and available data.
- Estimation of global prevalence, mortality, and care levels for type 1 diabetes.
Main Results:
- Estimated global prevalence of 8.4 million in 2021, with 1.5 million individuals under 20 years.
- Identified 35,000 estimated deaths in young people due to non-diagnosis and 435,000 receiving minimal care.
- Health-adjusted life years lost ranged from 14 to 55 years for individuals diagnosed at age 10.
Conclusions:
- Urgent need for interventions to reduce T1D deaths from non-diagnosis and improve care access.
- Significant uncertainties exist due to data limitations; improving data quality and availability is essential.
- The T1D Index will be regularly updated with new data to enhance accuracy.
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