Multiple paternity in the invasive spotted lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)

Area of Science:

• Ecology
• Evolutionary Biology
• Entomology

Background:

• Biological invasions are often facilitated by species with high genetic diversity.
• Understanding the mating systems of invasive species is crucial for effective management strategies.
• The spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) is a rapidly spreading invasive pest in the eastern US with an unknown mating system.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the mating system of the invasive spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula).
• To determine if multiple paternity occurs in spotted lanternfly egg masses.
• To assess the relationship between multiple paternity, female traits, and geographic location relative to the introduction site.

Main Methods:

• Dissection of mated females to count spermatophores, indicating mating frequency.
• Microsatellite genotyping of female-spotted lanternfly and their egg masses to detect multiple sires.
• Correlation analysis of multiple paternity with egg mass size and distance from the introduction site.

Main Results:

• Dissections revealed females with 1 to 3 spermatophores, confirming polyandry.
• Genetic analysis provided evidence for multiple paternity in 4 egg masses.
• Multiple paternity was linked to larger egg mass size and was most prevalent near the introduction site, decreasing towards the invasion front.

Conclusions:

• The spotted lanternfly exhibits multiple paternity, potentially enhancing its invasion success.
• Management strategies for Lycorma delicatula should consider its mating system and the spatial patterns of multiple paternity.
• The prevalence of multiple paternity may be influenced by proximity to the initial introduction site.