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Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I01:25

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A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Implementation models and frameworks used to guide community-based physical activity programs for children: a scoping

Emma Ostermeier1, Shauna M Burke2,3, Jason Gilliland2,3,4,5,6,7,8

  • 1Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

BMC Public Health
|August 23, 2023
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Summary

Community programs are vital for children's physical activity. This review identified 14 implementation models and frameworks to guide program development, exploration, and evaluation for better public health outcomes.

Keywords:
DevelopmentDisseminationInterventionPopulation-levelYouth

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Kinesiology
  • Implementation Science

Background:

  • Community-based programs are essential for sustainable, population-level improvements in children's physical activity.
  • Effective implementation strategies are crucial for the success of health-promoting initiatives.
  • Understanding existing models and frameworks can enhance program development and evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review of implementation models and frameworks for community-based physical activity programs for children.
  • To explore process, determinant, and evaluation frameworks used in program development and assessment.
  • To describe foundational components and practical applications of these models in real-world settings.

Main Methods:

  • The review utilized the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) methodological framework and Levac et al. (2010) recommendations.
  • Searches were conducted across six databases and three academic journals, adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Data extraction focused on articles, programs, and the implementation models/frameworks employed.

Main Results:

  • The search yielded 27 eligible studies from over 42,000 articles.
  • Eleven process models, one determinant framework, and two evaluation frameworks were identified.
  • Nineteen common components were synthesized, with tailoring, situational analysis, and element identification being prominent.

Conclusions:

  • Implementation models and frameworks are vital for guiding the development and execution of effective community-based physical activity programs.
  • Researchers and practitioners should leverage these tools to enhance program design and outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to explore the application of existing and novel frameworks in community settings.